🔍 Recherche avancée

3 résultats pour « MALDI-TOF »
🌿
Santé Environnementale Résistance aux antimicrobiens en environnement

Antibiotic Resistance of Enterobacteria Isolated from Medicinal Plant Powders Marketed in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Objective: Medicinal plant powders are widely used in Côte d’Ivoire for treating various ailments and are often marketed without rigorous health controls. This lack of regulation increases the risk of contamination by pathogenic bacteria, particularly antibiotic-resistant enterobacteria, which poses a significant challenge for infection control. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of enterobacteria isolated from 100 samples of medicinal powders sold in different markets in Abidjan. Bacterial identification was performed using biochemical and proteomic methods (MALDI-TOF). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted using the agar diffusion method, following the EUCAST/CASFM 2024_V1.0 guidelines Results: A total of 48 enterobacterial strains were isolated, including Enterobacter hormaechei (21), Escherichia coli (18), Citrobacter freundii (2), Enterobacter asburiae (2), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2), Enterobacter cloacae (1), Enterobacter bugandensis (1), and Cronobacter sakazakii (1). Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that 54.16% of the strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic, with the highest resistance rates observed for pefloxacin (25%) and ertapenem (12.5%). Resistance to ertapenem, a carbapenem frequently used as a last-resort treatment, is particularly concerning. Conclusions: The presence of enterobacteria in these samples suggests fecal contamination, reflecting poor hygienic conditions. These findings highlight the potential risk posed by medicinal plant powders as vectors of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Implementing strict quality control measures and enhanced surveillance of antibiotic resistance is crucial to reducing their impact on public health.

K
Dr KONAN Kouadio Fernique
👁 26 📥
🐾
Santé Animale

Cultivable Opportunistic Bacterial Diversity and Seasonal Patterns in Water and Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from Semi-Intensive Aquaculture Systems in Côte d’Ivoire: Case of Anyama and Aboisso

Tilapia aquaculture (Oreochromis niloticus) is an important sector for food security in Côte d’Ivoire, but faces increasing sanitary risks from bacterial infections. This study aimed to characterize cultivable opportunistic bacteria isolated from rearing water and fish organs (skin, intestine, liver, and kidney) in semi-intensive aquaculture systems in Anyama and Aboisso, and to examine seasonal patterns in their abundance and distribution. Water and fish samples were collected during the dry and rainy seasons. Bacterial isolation was performed using conventional culture-based methods on selective and differential media, followed by identification using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The diversity of cultivable isolates was assessed using the Shannon index (H′), and non-parametric statistical tests were applied to evaluate seasonal variation. Three cultivable opportunistic bacterial species were identified: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Macrococcus caseolyticus. No significant seasonal difference was observed in the diversity index across the studied matrices. These results indicate relative temporal stability in the distribution of the recovered cultivable bacterial isolates under the present study conditions. However, because the study relied on targeted fish sampling and culture-dependent methods, the findings should be interpreted with caution and limited to the cultivable fraction of opportunistic bacteria, which may not reflect the full microbial diversity of aquaculture systems. To cultivable opportunistic bacteria. This work provides baseline data for microbiological monitoring of tilapia aquaculture systems in southern Côte d’Ivoire.

K
Dr KONAN Kouadio Fernique
👁 19 📥
🧑‍⚕️
Santé Humaine Résistance aux antimicrobiens

Prevalence of Beta-lactam Resistance Genes (Bla Genes) in Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Infections at a University Hospital in Abidjan, Ivory Coast

Aim: The overall objective of this study was to characterise the bla genes responsible for beta-lactam resistance in two major strains of Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) involved in bacterial infections and producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Study Design: The resistance of Enterobacteriaceae to various classes of antibiotics in general, and to the beta-lactam class in particular, is showing a worrying trend in Côte d’Ivoire and around the world. This resistance is due to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) encoded by bla genes. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted from August 2022 to February 2024 in Abidjan (Ivory Coast) at the Pasteur Institute of Ivory Coast (IPCI), at the Cocody site, specifically within the Unit for Antibiotics, Natural Substances, and Surveillance of Microorganisms and Anti-Infective Agents (ASSURMI). Methodology: These strains were isolated from biological samples collected from various hospital departments. A total of 40 Enterobacteriaceae strains were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS), and antibiotic susceptibility testing (antibiogram) was performed using the Mueller-Hinton agar diffusion method. Genes conferring resistance to Beta-lactams were detected using conventional PCR. Results: The strains studied were Escherichia coli (25) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (15). Seventy-five per cent of the strains were multidrug-resistant (Escherichia coli: 19/25; Klebsiella pneumoniae: 11/15). High resistance rates ranging from 52.63% to 100% to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, aztreonam, and third-generation cephalosporins (cefepime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefixime) were observed. The Beta-lactam resistance genes detected were blaTEM, blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-8, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M- with prevalence rates of 60%, 50%, 35%, 32.5%, and 7.5%, respectively. The co-expression rate of the resistance genes was 22,5 %, 17,5 %, 15 %, 12,5 %, 7,5 % et 2,5 %, respectively, for the associations blaTEM /blaCTX-M-8, blaTEM /blaCTX-M 1, blaSHV /blaCTX-M-1, blaSHV /blaCTX-M-8, blaTEM / blaSHV, blaTEM / blaSHV / blaCTX-M-1. Conclusion: This study revealed the presence and persistence of bla genes that have been under surveillance for many years, with an increase in the prevalence of certain genes.

K
Dr KONAN Kouadio Fernique
👁 23 📥