Publications (7)
Multisectoriel
Systemes alimentaires durables
In Côte d'Ivoire, the absence of good hygiene practices in certain sectors is common, especially in the market gardening sector, which could increase the risk of collective food poisoning. The objective of the study was to evaluate the practices and risks of microbial contamination, in the production chain of the suburban area of Abidjan. A survey was carried out using a questionnaire with 575 people involved in the sector, in particular producers, sellers, restaurateurs and consumers on the Anyama, Adiopodoumé, Bonoua and Dabou sites.
On the various sites of the study, 70% of market gardening is practiced by men, 80% of whom do not have a level of education for compliance with hygiene rules. The producers use 95% of the untreated water emanating from wells, ponds and lagoons to water the vegetables. The sites lack sanitary facilities (80%), so the producers go to the saddle near the fields. In the markets, saleswomen relieve themselves in public toilets (84.4%) by washing their hands with soap-free water (64.1%). Restaurateurs serve pre-cut vegetables (52%) and stored at room temperature for three to four hours (67.2%) before consumption. Consumers claim to consume vegetable salads (61.7%) referably at breakfast (57%) and at least once a day (66%). Constant monitoring of the application of hygiene rules must be established from the producer passing through the markets to the consumer's plate, in order to prevent
the appearance of food poisoning of vegetables and guarantee the health of all.
📅 2026
📰 International Journal of Advenced Reseach
DOI
Santé Environnementale
Résistance aux antimicrobiens en environnement
Objective: Medicinal plant powders are widely used in Côte d’Ivoire for treating various ailments and are often marketed without rigorous health controls. This lack of regulation increases the risk of contamination by pathogenic bacteria, particularly antibiotic-resistant enterobacteria, which poses a significant challenge for infection control. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of enterobacteria isolated from 100 samples of medicinal powders sold in different markets in Abidjan. Bacterial identification was performed using biochemical and proteomic methods (MALDI-TOF). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted using the agar diffusion method, following the EUCAST/CASFM 2024_V1.0 guidelines Results: A total of 48 enterobacterial strains were isolated, including Enterobacter hormaechei (21), Escherichia coli (18), Citrobacter freundii (2), Enterobacter asburiae (2), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2), Enterobacter cloacae (1), Enterobacter bugandensis (1), and Cronobacter
sakazakii (1). Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that 54.16% of the strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic, with the highest resistance rates observed for pefloxacin (25%) and ertapenem (12.5%). Resistance to ertapenem, a carbapenem frequently used as a last-resort treatment, is particularly concerning.
Conclusions: The presence of enterobacteria in these samples suggests fecal contamination, reflecting poor hygienic conditions. These findings highlight the potential risk posed by medicinal plant powders as vectors of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Implementing strict quality control measures and enhanced
surveillance of antibiotic resistance is crucial to reducing their impact on public health.
📅 2025
📰 Journal of Biosciences and Medicines
DOI
Santé Animale
Salmonella is a genus of Gram-negative bacilli, causing illnesses in humans, such as typhoid fever,
which remain major public health concerns. Based on biochemistry and genomic data, Salmonella is
divided into many serovars. In West Africa, Salmonella infection in humans and in food matrices is
reported each year. Recently, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of Salmonella represents a
high risk for public health. In Côte d’Ivoire, poultry activities and poor hygiene conditions contribute to
the emergence of Salmonella infection. The main objective of this study is to detect Salmonella species
strains in chicken from local markets in the city of Abidjan. Four sampling sites in the Abidjan district
were selected in the local markets of Yopougon (Siporex and Bagnon), Songon, Adjamé, and Abobo.
Several chicken intestines (Gallus gallus domesticus) were collected in batches of in each market.
The pre-treatment of solation was performed with classic methods for Salmonella-Shigella (SS).
Biochemical characterization and antibiotic susceptibility testing were conducted for all isolated
strains. The target of the invasive gene (invA) of Salmonella was used for molecular confirmation
and DNA sequencing. Among the 22 Salmonella spp. isolates studied, 68% (15/22) of the poultry strains
underwent biochemical testing (oxidase, catalase, Gram stain, and motility), with five strains testing
positive. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed strong resistance to ampicillin and pefloxacin, and
weak resistance to gentamicin and clavulanic acid. Furthermore, 59% (13/22) of the isolates were
positive by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the invA gene. Phylogenetic analysis showed a
high similarity to the reference strain Salmonella Enterica serovar Paratyphi. These findings
demonstrate the circulation of multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains in poultry in Côte d’Ivoire and
highlight the need for continuous surveillance to enhance food safety.
📅 2026
📰 African Journal of Microbiology Research
DOI
Santé Animale
Tilapia aquaculture (Oreochromis niloticus) is an important sector for food security in Côte d’Ivoire, but faces increasing sanitary risks from bacterial infections. This study aimed to characterize cultivable opportunistic
bacteria isolated from rearing water and fish organs (skin, intestine, liver, and kidney) in semi-intensive aquaculture
systems in Anyama and Aboisso, and to examine seasonal patterns in their abundance and distribution. Water and
fish samples were collected during the dry and rainy seasons. Bacterial isolation was performed using conventional
culture-based methods on selective and differential media, followed by identification using MALDI-TOF mass
spectrometry. The diversity of cultivable isolates was assessed using the Shannon index (H′), and non-parametric
statistical tests were applied to evaluate seasonal variation. Three cultivable opportunistic bacterial species were
identified: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Macrococcus caseolyticus. No significant
seasonal difference was observed in the diversity index across the studied matrices. These results indicate relative
temporal stability in the distribution of the recovered cultivable bacterial isolates under the present study conditions. However, because the study relied on targeted fish sampling and culture-dependent methods, the findings should be interpreted with caution and limited to the cultivable fraction of opportunistic bacteria, which may not reflect the full microbial diversity of aquaculture systems. To cultivable opportunistic bacteria. This work provides baseline data for microbiological monitoring of tilapia aquaculture systems in southern Côte d’Ivoire.
📅 2026
📰 Journal of Applied & Environmental Microbiology
DOI
Santé Humaine
Résistance aux antimicrobiens
Aim: The overall objective of this study was to characterise the bla genes responsible for beta-lactam
resistance in two major strains of Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) involved
in bacterial infections and producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.
Study Design: The resistance of Enterobacteriaceae to various classes of antibiotics in general, and to the
beta-lactam class in particular, is showing a worrying trend in Côte d’Ivoire and around the world. This
resistance is due to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) encoded by bla genes.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted from August 2022 to February 2024 in Abidjan
(Ivory Coast) at the Pasteur Institute of Ivory Coast (IPCI), at the Cocody site, specifically within the Unit for
Antibiotics, Natural Substances, and Surveillance of Microorganisms and Anti-Infective Agents (ASSURMI).
Methodology: These strains were isolated from biological samples collected from various hospital
departments. A total of 40 Enterobacteriaceae strains were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
(MS), and antibiotic susceptibility testing (antibiogram) was performed using the Mueller-Hinton agar
diffusion method. Genes conferring resistance to Beta-lactams were detected using conventional PCR.
Results: The strains studied were Escherichia coli (25) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (15). Seventy-five per
cent of the strains were multidrug-resistant (Escherichia coli: 19/25; Klebsiella pneumoniae: 11/15). High
resistance rates ranging from 52.63% to 100% to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, aztreonam, and third-generation
cephalosporins (cefepime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefixime) were observed. The Beta-lactam resistance
genes detected were blaTEM, blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-8, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M- with prevalence rates of
60%, 50%, 35%, 32.5%, and 7.5%, respectively. The co-expression rate of the resistance genes was 22,5 %,
17,5 %, 15 %, 12,5 %, 7,5 % et 2,5 %, respectively, for the associations blaTEM /blaCTX-M-8, blaTEM /blaCTX-M
1, blaSHV /blaCTX-M-1, blaSHV /blaCTX-M-8, blaTEM / blaSHV, blaTEM / blaSHV / blaCTX-M-1.
Conclusion: This study revealed the presence and persistence of bla genes that have been under surveillance
for many years, with an increase in the prevalence of certain genes.
📅 2026
📰 Microbiology Research Journal International
DOI
Santé Humaine
Cette étude se propose de décrire les différents phénotypes de
résistance des souches d’Escherichia coli afin de surveiller leur émergence.
C’est une étude rétrospective de type descriptif de 472 souches
d’Escherichia coli responsables d’infection urinaire sur une période allant de
douze mois (Janvier-décembre 2024) au Centre National de Référence des
antibiotiques de l’Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. Au cours de cette étude, 1034 entérobactéries ont été isolées avec 472 souches non répétitives
d’Escherichia coli, soit une proportion de 45,7%. Les hommes constituaient
51,8% et les femmes 48,2%, soit un sexe ratio de 1,07. Ces infections
concernaient les patients hospitalisés (55%) ainsi que les communautaires
(45%). Les adultes et les aînés étaient les plus touchés. L’antibiorésistance
des souches d’Escherichia coli a révélé des taux de résistance à
l’amoxicilline-acide clavulanique des souches hospitalières (69,6% contre
20,5% en communauté), à la pipéracilline (65,9% contre 58,5%), à la
cefepime (64,5% contre 53,1%), à la ciprofloxacine (50,8% contre 45,8%), à
la fosfomycine (20,9% contre 12,8%). L’amikacine, la nitrofurantoïne et
l’imipenème ont enregistré des taux de résistance inferieurs à 10% dans les
deux milieux. Un taux de 37,7% des souches d’Escherichia coli analysées
produisaient
des béta-lactamases à spectre élargi (BLSE). Les souches
d'Escherichia coli productrices de BLSE présentaient des taux de résistance
significatifs aux fluoroquinolones, atteignant 67,1% pour la ciprofloxacine et
48,3% pour la lévofloxacine. À l'inverse, elles conservaient une excellente
sensibilité aux antibiotiques suivants : amikacine (92,7%), nitrofurantoïne
(92,9%) et fosfomycine (82,3%). L'émergence de souches d'Escherichia coli
uropathogènes résistantes aux antibiotiques restreint fortement l'arsenal
thérapeutique disponible et souligne un enjeu crucial de santé publique. La
surveillance régulière permet d'actualiser la stratégie thérapeutique, un
élément fondamental pour contrer l'émergence et la dissémination de ces
bactéries multirésistantes.
📅 2026
📰 ESI Preprints
DOI
Santé Humaine
Résistance aux antimicrobiens
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a serious global public health problem. This study aimed to
characterize antibiotic resistance genes in patients with urinary catheters. The study involved bacterial strain
collection, antibiotic susceptibility testing, and molecular characterization for the detection of genes mediated by
fluoroquinolone resistance. A total of 81 strains were collected. Strain distribution showed that Staphylococcus
aureus was the most prevalent species (44.44%, n=36). Resistance profiling showed that coagulase-negative
Staphylococcus strains (n=12) and Acinetobacter baumannii strains (n=5) expressed 100% resistance to cefoxitin
and all tested beta-lactam antibiotics, respectively. Acinetobacter baumannii was resistant to ciprofloxacin (100%,
n=5). However, amikacin showed greater activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=28) and Acinetobacter
baumannii (n=5) strains, with 25% and 0% activity, respectively. Molecular gene characterization identified the qnr
A, qnr B, and qnr S genes. The strains exhibited a high diversity of resistance genes, with 12.5%, 77.5%, and 60%
observed in qnr A, qnr B, and qnr S, respectively. Co-expression of fluoroquinolone resistance genes was
demonstrated in 30 strains. This study highlights the high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and underscores
the crucial role of microbiological and molecular surveillance of bacteria. The results highlight the need for rigorous
antibiotic management to prevent the spread of resistant strains.
📅 2026
📰 American Journal of Microbiological Research
DOI